Wrench.



G. GOODWIN.

WRENCH. I APPLICATION FILED JUNE 27, 1913.

1,101,022. Patented June 23, 19-1 1 FIG. I.

7. Z 7 7 T i 1, i MHHMET U jug j /,3 II e 2 6 J FIG E.

1 jiT Jessss: a 2 7' d \J lNvs xlma UNTTED STATES PATENT FFTE GHARLES GOODWIN, OF EAST PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-"{ALF TO HOWARD R. ADAMS, OF EAST PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

WRENCH.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHARLES GOODWIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at East Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in renches, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved tool of this character, in which the heel end of the stock or handle carries a pivotallymounted head member having a concave cam surface adapted to engage a roller, to serve as, a part of the grip of the wrench, a nutengaging circular member or disk, eccentrically mounted, whose cylindrical edge serves as another part of the grip of the wrench, a roller to effect a bite upon the bearing surface of the head member and working edge of the circular member or disk, when pressure is applied to turn the nut, and means to release the grip of the roller when pressure is applied to the shank in the opposite direction.

The invention consists in the details of construction and in the arrangement and combination of parts, as hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying sheet of drawings, wherein like reference characters indicate like parts, Figure 1 represents a side view of the wrench. Fig. 2 is an edge view of the same. Fig. 3 is an enlarged side view, showing the parts embodying my improvements, with one of the side plates of the head member removed. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section on line m-m. of Fig. 2, as when the wrench is reversed to operate in tightening a nut.

In the drawings, a denotes the stock or operating handle which has a flat-sided heel portion a provided with a pin to form a pivot center -;0 for the head member, which is designated by reference letter b as a whole. Near the pivot center of the handle the member has a narrow flat-sided body portion Z and on each side ofthe latter are plates -b which are constructed alike and secured to the body portion by means of rivets r.

The heel portion of the handle has opposite recesses formed around its pivot center, as at a to snugly receive the rounded portions of ears *b integral with the plates -b-, and the inner end of said Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 27, 1913.

Patented Jane 23, 1914..

Serial No. 776,019.

handle has also opposite recesses to receive and allow movement of the inner portions of said plates, as at -a and thus the outer faces of the said plates bare made flush with the inner sides of the heel part of the handle.

The side plates of the head member -b pro ect forwardly of its body portion b and heel end of the handle, in a rounded form, as at b and have opposed openlngs to serve as journal bearings, as at b-. Between the rounded portions b of the side plates 5 is interposed a nut-engaging eccentric disk 0 which has integral cylindrical side hubs, as c to fit in the journal bearings b of said plates, and these hubs are flush with the side faces of the same. The disk member c has a square opening c formed centrally through its hub portions to tit a nut to be turned. The body Z) of the pivotal head or carrier member b, has its forward end concave to form a bearing surface, as at -b e, for a cylindrical roller d to move upon. The inner point -Z of the concave cam surface ?f, is farthest from the axis c*- of the eccentrically-mounted disk 0, and this hearing surface gradually approaches said disk and has its outer point b near to the working edge of the latter, and thus forms a race-Way w for the roller -d. The forward recessed portions a of the handle terminate with a transverse projection a* to contact with the clutch or roller member d, and at the rear of the pivot center of the handle the latter is provided with a socket, as at a to contain an expanding coil spring s in bearing contact upon the body of the head or swinging member b. The tendency of the spring 8 is to keep the clutch roller cZ in ,contact with the projection a*, while the handle is brought back for a bite by the said roller. The entire circular surface c of the eccentrically-mounted disk c, is used to present a different gripping point for a bite by. the roller d. v

WVith each screwing or unscrewing movement of the wrench the roller dmoves to a new gripping point of contact upon the cam-formation W of the carrier member b, and the point of bite on the camformation is effected by the varying lengths of radius given by the eccentric Working edge c which is in constant contact upon the said roller.

As pressure is applied to the handle, in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 8, the proj ection -a causes the clutch roller -dto move in the race-way until stopped by its bite upon the cam-formation b of the carrier member b and working edge c of the eccentric disk c, when the latter is then made to revolve in the arrow direction shown in said figure, and thus a turning force is had to unscrew the nut.

By reversing the wrench, into the position shown in Fig. 4, a pressure upon the handle in the direction of arrow causes the moving parts to operate in the same manner as above described, to tighten up the nut.

As the eccentric disk 0 is caused to revolve with each biting movement of the wrench, it always presents a new gripping point upon the working edge 0 so that the latter is kept in a normal smooth condition for the gripping action of the clutch roller (Z. The eccentric member c has but a very short throw, as -c suflicient to assure the proper contact of the clutch member (Z for the operation of the implement.

This construction of wrench, as described, is designed to operate in small spaces that permit of only a slight movement of its handle back and forth.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A device of the character described, comprising a handle having an integral projection transverse of its heel end; a nutengaging disk having two opposite hubs which are integral therewith and are eccentrically located on said disk; a carrier member pivotally mounted on the heel part of the handle, said member having forwardlyarranged portions provided with opposite journal hearings to receive the hubs of the disk and also a body portion which presents a concave cam bearing surface toward the eccentric edge of the disk; a cylindrical roller adapted to grip at different points on the bearing surface of the carrier member and to bite on different points of the eccentric edge of the disk, during each forward movement of the handle, and means to keep the roller in contact with the projection of the handle, on the return movement of the latter.

2. A device of the character described,

comprising a handle whose heel end part has a transverse projection; a body portion whose inner end has a concave cam-formation, said portion having side plates secured thereto and pivotally mounted on the heel part, and the plates extending forwardly of the latter in rounded form and provided with journal bearings; a circular disk having a cylindrical edge or working surface and eccentrically mounted between the plates and rotatable in the bearings of the same; a race-way between the camformation of the body portion and working face of the disk, the raceway being of greater width longitudinally at the point of projection of the heel part of the handle; a clutch roller in the race-way and adapted to grip at different points on the cam-formation and upon the working edge of said disk, thereby to cause the latter to rotate and present a new biting point, during the screwing and unscrewing movements of the device, and means to cooperate with the projection of the handle on each backward movement of the same.

3. A device of the character described, comprising a handle having a transverse projection formed at its inner end; a swinging head member carried on the heel portion of the handle and having a concave bearing surface, to serve as a part of the grip of the device; an eccentrically mounted circular member carried rotatably on the forward part of the swinging member and having its cylindrical edge adapted to form an engaging bearing surface, to serve as another part of the grip of the device; a race-way having a greater part of its opening at the point of projection of the handle; a clutch roller loosely mounted to freely travel in the raceway upon the bearing surfaces of the swinging member and the rotary member, and to be forced to make a double grip upon both said members when the handle is moved" in one direction, and means to forcibly keep the roller in contact with the projection when the handle is moved in the reverse direction, and thereby cause the rotary member to present another clamping point on its bearing surfaces.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES GOODWIN.

WVitnesses:

PETER C. CANNON, Gnoncn DAVIS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). C. 

